Combination of card controlled machines



COMBINATI'ON OF CARD CONTROLLED MACHINES Filed July 9, 1949 J. E. DAYGERE'TAL 6 Sheets-Sheet l AL IN E- GRAY A ORNE Oct. 30, 1951 J. E. DAYGERErm. 2,573,312

l COMBINATION OF CARD CONTROLLED MACHINES Filed July Q 1949 6'Sheets-Shag@ 2 P1 p3 -147 "13e T o igPso 169)135 137 l@ JONAS E- DAYGERORVILLE B. SHAFER ALVIN E- GRAY LWAT'RNEY K J. E. DAYGER ETALCOMBINATION oF CARD coNIRoLLED MACHINES Oct. 30, 1951 6 sneet-shee't 3Filed July 9, 1949 Y d-ACCUMU -AccuMuLA ubi! OCE 3o, 1951 Filed July 9,1949 ACCOUNT NQ HOURS `RATE EARNINGS CYCLE 1-CARD FEED ACCUMULATEEARNINGS |N CALCULATOR 29- .21l a5 17 e5 CYCLE z-CARD FEED ACCUMULATEEARNINGS A 1N CALCULATOR sLGNAL SUMMARY PUNCH 29 19 95 17 95 -CYCLE:s1-SUMMARY PUNCH 3580 CYCLE 4-TOTAL V4o 35 8o CYCLE 5-CARD FEEDACCUMULATE EARNlNGs Y Y `1NR-CALCULATOR 2e 2o 9o 1e OO m ORVILLE B-SHFER GRAY o 1e 36 54 72v 9o 10e 126 144 162 19a 216 2 4 Oct. 30, 1951J. E. DAYGER ETAL 2,573,312

COMBINATION oF CARDv CoN'rRoLLED MACHINES Filed July 9,1949 i 6sheets-sheet 5 oct. 3o, 1951r I Filed July s, 1949 J. E. DAYGER TALCOMBINATION OF CARD CONTROLLED MACHINES 6 Sheets-Sheet 6 cum NuMfIz-DATE 13261 TI-IE DOD co- IUI II 1949 m II IIII II PAY l..;:'.II.!!:::IIDOLLARS II11;I*IIII- CENTS n II d I II II 2 To THT, PAYROLL ACCUOIINT n3 ORDER. 0T U n; ARTHUR P SMITH 6 ,THE FIRST NATIONAL BANK Us IG- 6...INvENToRS JONAS E- DAYGER ORVILLE B- SHAFER ALVIN E GRAy uw A ORNPatented Oct. 30, 1951 COMBINATION oF CARD coN'rRoLLED v VMACHINES JonasE. Dayger, Binghamton, Orville B. Shafer, Owego, and Alvin E. Gray,Binghamton, N. Y., assignors to International'fBusiness MachinesCorporation, New York, N. Y., a corporation of New York Application Julys, 1949, serial No. 103,812

'z claims. (c1. zas-61.6)

Record controlled machines of standard types individually perform acertain kind, or limited number of kinds of operations, such aspunching, orA sorting; or tabulating, listing, and printing totals; orcalculating and punching, etc.

There are also large, complex machines composed of a number of differentunits for performing diierent kinds of operations, all operating underprogram instructions from ya central control unit.

The larger scope of the complex type of machine has been partiallyrealized by a combinationj of two electrically interconnected units,such as a high speed summary punch and an electronic calculatingmachine. In this combination it isl necessary to coordinate the timingof the two units, when data is being transmitted from one to the other,and this is done by providing timing means in the punch to operate thecalculator, to read data into and out of it.

The general object of the present invention is to improve the scope ofoperations of machine combinations of the type last described, composedof a plurality of electrically interconnected, approximately standardmachines, by combining three or more such machines for integratedoperation, without mechanically synchronizing all oi' the machines.

In accordance with the principle of the invention one of the machines ismade the slave of 'the other machines selectively, under control ofrecord reading means in one or more of the master machines. Each mastermachine is provided with timing control means to govern the operation ofthe slave machine, the selection of the particular timing control meansto be eifective at a given time being accomplished by record controlledmeans in one or more of the master machines.

A specific object of the invention is to provide a machine groupcomposed of approximately standard machines, which will performcalculations involving multiplication, and print, accumulate, and punchresults, under la program controlled by records from which factors areread by one of the machines for calculation.

Other objects of the invention will be pointed out in the followingdescription and claims and illustrated in the accompanying drawings,which disclose, by way of example, the principle of the invention andthe bestV mode, which has been contemplated, of applying that principle.

In the drawing:

Figs. 1A, B, and C are three parts of one circuit diagram of a machinegroup embodying the Cil invention, the three parts to be assembledv ina,

vertical sequence, as indicated.

Fig. 2 shows" two record cards of the typeuse'd'v to control themachines.

Fig. 3 is a diagram of a sequence of operations of the machine group.

Fig. 4 is a timing diagram of the tabulatingfA machine.

Fig. 5 is a timing diagram of the punch.

Fig. 6 shows a check such as produced `in theA punch.

c (Fig. 1A). s y

The tabulatingmachine The tabulating machine resembles in mechaniv' ical construction a machine shown, ior example, in Patent No. 2,340,772.This machine is adaptedy v to feed in sequence, cardsof the type shownini,

Fig. 2, to read Ycoded. data from the, cards, to accumulate the data inaccumulatore, to list the individual items of data, and to print totals.

stored in the accumulators.

The cards, are sub-divided into vertical. columns ,andv horizontal`rows, or index point posi-,1 tions. The vertical columns are groupedlinto` elds and within each field the dierent columns'.-

Ten of. the index point positions pertain respectively to the ten digits9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, 0, as inv dicated at the left side of thecard, while two-l higher index -point positions, used for controlpurposes,-are designated as the 11 and 12l indexj point positions. Datais recorded in the cards by punching holesin various index pointpositions in the different columns. The cards are fed 9s pertain todifferent denominational orders.

edge first. y

In accord-ance with the invention, the tabulat-A calculator C, andtofread out-results from lthe electronic calculator and store them inaccumu-,IQ lators and print them, 'along with the listeditems4 andtotals previously mentioned.

For general information on the vconstruction ofi the @nietige Fachmesseits. eigenartige..

ment, reference is made to the aforesaid Patent No, 2,340,772. Thecircuit of the tabulating machine shown in the drawing is different insome respects from the one shown in said patent and these.differenceswill. be referredto in the course of the followingdescription.

The accumulators of the tabulating machine are composed of number wheelshaving index positions corresponding to the 101digits Orto 9. Each Wheelcan be clutched to a continuously running gear at differential times, tomove it from one index position toianother; through a number of indexpoint positions corresponding to the value of a digit to be added. Theengagement of the clutch is controlled by a'start magnet and thedisengagement by mechanical knock-off means acting at the zerotimeptthemachine-y cycle. Thus, if a hole is sensed in the card at the 6index point position, the corresponding number wheel will be clutched toits continuously running gear and Ywill be driven through 6 index pointpositions by the time it 'is declutched at zero time in the cycle.

The cards are fed in sequence through the card feed'of the tabulatingmachine, their sequential spacing being such that a following cardarrives at the same position as the next card ahead of it in exactly onemachine cycle. The cycle of this machine is sub-divided into 20 cyclepoints, ten of which relates to the respective digits 9 to 0.A As a cardmoves along the card feed mechanism it will'arrive at a certain time atareading stationv called the lower brush station'. This reading static-ncomprises a contact roll and a row of brushes bearing on'it, onev brush"foreach column ofthe card. The card passes between Y the YcontactrollandY the brushes and at various index-point times in the-cyclefth'edifferent Jbrushes `will sense the -punched-'holes'in their respectivecolumns of the card, that is,` theywill extend throught@ holesintoontactwith the contact roll and complete a circuit. According to the wiring of-the' particular brush andthe timein thecycle, the-completion'of thecircuit will produce some function, such as causing one order `of anaccumulator to add a digit corresponding tof'- the Y num-ber representedbym the -1 punched hole,A or Hsetting-up atypebartoprint thatdigit,l orgiving-a `signalto --start the-summary punch, etc.

A.. typical circuit. completed. through. a hole in the cardextends .fromlinewire IUI .through a l circuit breaker CBL. 2,3,.4.,which,..closes.at each digital andqcontrol. impulse. time in, thel...cycle, a circuit breaker CFS, I Il which closes lonly Aon. cardhfeed. cycles during the. ,timewhen the card.. is passing .under .thebrushes. a .point of relay R223., energizedby a .Card lever when, the,rstcarcl` reachesthe lower brush station and maintained energizedthereafter as long asV the cards` continue to feed in correct time, acommon brush 2l, a contact roll 22, a column brush 20, a point of brushisolation relay R500, closed during card feed cycles, a plug hub I9, aplug Wire 24, a point of a plus relay R40I, energized at this time bycontrol means to be described later, normalcontacts of a total relayR403, normal contacts of a carry relay R485; a start magnet STMI to theother line wire IIlI. The start magnet is energized andthe accumulatorwheelis clutched to the continuously-running gear, which turns the wheelone digit per cycle point of the machine cycle. At the time the zeroindex time posi-- tion of the card reaches the brushes the menotexcluded bythe present invention, butonly.

-umn of the last cardof rthe group, theA brush 4 cumulator wheel fromthe -continuously running gear.

A little later in the cycle the carry relay R485 is energized by acircuit extending from line wire |03 through-CEST, normally closedR648d, relay R485, to line wire ISI. At'this time an-impulse is appliedby CBIU, wire 33, to all of the so-called tens contacts 34 of theaccumulators. If a lower order accumulatorwheel has passed from 9 to 0during the adding time of the cycle, the 9, 10 brush 35 will beliftedinto engagement with the tens contact andfthe above mentioned impulsewill' be transmitted through these contacts, through a. normalcontactR403b of total relay R403, wires-, 36 and 31, a transferred carry relaycontact R485b of the next higher order, and the startmagnet STMI of saidorder, to line IGI. The accumulator wheel clutch is engaged and onecycle point later a mechanical knock-off disengages ,the clutch, withthe result that a unit is addedby the. higher order counting wheel.` Y'V In the drawing just twov orders areshown-"injjA each accumulator, butthese are'merely repreE-IA sentative of a larger number of orderswhichwould generally be grouped together to form one If there'were athird order in .anl accumulator andV the lowest order hadpassed' from 9vto 0 and the intermediate order stood 'at When the carry time arrived,the Ycarryjirnpulse` from CBI!! would be transmitted not onlyto theaccumulator.

start magnet of the intermediate order, rbut,

through the 9 icontact 38? of 'that order to the.v start magnet of thenext higher order, so as to" perform the carry upon a carryoperationrequired in such a case.

for printingthe digit vcorresponding tothe index point position of thehole sensed.` The lcircuit to the print magnet extends from theoperating strap of the plus relayeontact R40Ib, `for example, throughwire 3U, counter exit hub 3l,V plug wire 32, printmagnet PMS, tolineIIlI', ener'- gizing `the print magnet;

The cards may be grouped accordingto ac.-

county numbers. At the end of eachv group a signal may be Agiven bydetecting the difference bef again near the'end .of the total cycle.A-total cycle may also be signalled by punchingahole in a certain -indexposition of a particular'col- Whichreads this column beingconnected .tothe control means which starts a-totalcycle.

The summary punch rIhe summary punch P is similar in construo.-`

tion to one shown in anapplication of ByronE.'

calculator and'punching them in thecards'..l The usev of the summarypunch` for. readingcards is chanicalA knock-off device' declutches Ytheac- 75A its'function of punching'resultsV Will'be described;t

The same cardjimpulse which energized the,l start magnet and added adigit in an accumulator" position can be ,made to operate a print magenet, to arrest the relatedgtype bar in, position Imthe `normal conditionof the; circuitsltlcie.surn-y feed of the ytabulating machine.

mary punch counters, such Vas the result counter,

and punches the resultv in a card,` while the` tabulating machine standsidle.w f

. The summary punch also has means. to cards in sequence fromV a hopper4througha punching station. The punching station..com prises a rowofpunches, one for eachcolumn of the card, and a die. V`The cards arefed between` the row of punches and the die with. an intermit. tentmotion, sothat. the cardV stops with each.

index point position in succession located to receive a perforation inVany column in which a. Y punch may be operated. The punches areactuated by a common bail, when .selectively engaged therewith undercontrol of individual punch magnets, 5

The punch operates on a 14. pointA cycle and the cards are fed with thel2s edge leading.

" The calculator Excepty as will be pointed out hereinaftentheelectronic calculating machine is ,the samein respect to construction.andcircuitas vone shown inthe .application .of R.Y L. Palmer, James E.Fernekees, J. A. Haddad, Byron E. Phelps, and James V. Williams, SerialNo. 38,078, filed July 9, 1948. This calculator receives and storesfactors to be operated upon by it, from an outside source, in thepresent case from the tabulating.

machine T. The factors are represented by dif` ferentially timedimpulses lwhich operate various.

instrumentalities of the calculator. It calculates.

results in accordance with a program determined by the calculatorcircuit,and transfers ther results to recording means, in response toimpulses from the recording means. f Numbers are stored in thecalculator inelectronic counters. AEach order. of an electronic counteris a network comprising electronic trigger circuits interconnected insuch a Way that in response to impulses the network will pass throughdifferent conditions and return to its original condition on the tenthimpulse. On returning to its original condition it transmits a carryimpulse, which causes an impulsefto be transmitted to the next higherorder countenduring adding operations. During totalingoperations thecarry impulse is used to operate recording means.

The number stored in the result counters., in the process of calculatingtheresult, is the 9s complement of the true number. That is to say, ifthe digit stored in one counter position is a 3, the counter positionwill have received. 6 irnpulses. The counter is read out by impulsesfrom the punch circuit timed withv the passage of the index pointpositions, 0, l, 2, 3 9. Thus the fourth impulse, which advances thecounter position from 9 to 0 and causes acarry impulse, coincides withthe arrival of the3v index point position of the card at the punchstation and causes a 3 hole to be punched. l

On reading out the result counter of the calculator into theaccumulating and printing mechanism of the tabulator an inversion isnecessary, because these mechanisms are adapted to receive theiroperating impulses in the order 9, 8', 7...1,0- The power supplies ofthe3 machinesare inf terconnected sc .that in the punch and the tabu-fvnets of the tabulator are operated through cir,

cuits including thyratrons, which have a 10 volt drop across them, a.50volt supply wire is provided for these circuits. The calculator also hasa Variety of positive and negative voltage sources for plate` and screenvoltage and bias voltages which are not shown in the drawing.

It is a feature of the present invention that the operating impulses forthe calculator can be taken either from the tabulating machine or thepunch, according to which of these machines is operating in a givencycle. The switching of the impulsing circuit is controlled by relayRPIBB in the punch, which is picked up across the wires and 10| througha circuit extending through a shunt connector 50, and a normally closedcam contact P36 of the punch. The shunt connector 5i) is a part of thecable connector by which the tabulating machine is connected to thepunch, so that relay RPI68 is energized immediately when this connectoris plugged in. As long as the punch is idle, relay RPI 68 is energizedand its contacts such as RP|68a and b are transferred. This has theeffect of putting the impulsing circuits of the calculator under controlof the tabulating machine,

as will be described in detail presently. As soon as the punch starts torun, in response to a signal from the card feed of the tabulatingmachine, therelay RI68 drops and the calculator is under control of thepunch.

A relay RP|01 is connected in parallel with the relay RPl68 and holdsopen the circuits to the punch magnets by its contacts such as RPlOlaand b, Whenever the punch is idle.

The calculation in the calculator is performed under control ofelectronic pulse timing means inthe calculator, the pulses being at therate of 50 kilocycles per second. On the other hand, the reading in offactors and reading out of results is performed by the calculator inresponse to cam-originated impulses from the punch, or from thetabulating machine, occurring at the rate of 1400 to 3000 per minute.

The operation of the combined machines will be most easily understood byfollowing the riescriptiori of an illustrative problem. While thecombination is capable of performing the most complex problems, arelatively simple one will be used to explain its operation. Fig. 3 is adiagram of the making of a payroll report, with summary punching ofchecks, such as shown in Fig. 6. The

report includes four fields of printing. The first receives the accountnumbers of the employees onthe payroll. In the second are listed thehours Worked, in the third the rate at which the employee is to be paid.For each account number there may be one or more cards, to be treated asa group. The hours are accumulated in an accumulator, so that theirtotal can be printed at the end of the group listing. The hours and therate are transmitted to the electronic calculator, by which they aremultiplied together and the results accumulated by the result counter ofthe calculator.

The last card of each group will have a 9-hole punched in column 8 (seeFig. 2), to signal the summary punch to start. The summary punch willoperate the calculator to read out the result accumulated in the resultcounter, without resetting the counter, and will punch that result in acard check (see Eig. 6). During the operation ofthe, summarypunciifor.oneiicyclei theatabulatr-.zr ing machine williremain idle..-Upon'icom-pletion-I oflsummary punching, yit Ywill .receiveva'signalltoa.

start: and will` read .out andk resetA the result counterof thecalculator, accumulating the resultin-.one of its registers andprintingl the: resultdnxx the fourth field of the: report.

The circuit With the main switch closed, feeding` power to the motorsMi` and M2 of the tabulating 4 machine and the summary punch, and with asupply4 of cards in the card feed hoppers of the tabulating l machineand the summary punch, the; start key PST of the summary punch isoperated extending a circuit from line through the contactof the punchstop key PSP, the contact ofl thepunchstart key PST,- and the pickupcoil of relay EP3,"

to line |0|, energizing said relay. A holding circuit for RPS extendsthrough RPa andv camcontact P30. RP3b completes a circuit from line |00through P3| and RPM) to the punch clutch magnet PCL and line l0energizing the punch clutch and setting the punch in operation..A The`start' key is held down for three cycles and allowed to latch up at theend of the third cycle, at which time a iirst card fed out of the hopperis -readyl to enter the punch and die station. The punch remains in thiscondition until called into action on a signal from the tabulatingmachine, as described later.

Now the start key ST of the tabulating machine is operated, completing acircuit lfrom line` |00 through stop key contact SP, start key contactST, the pick up coil of start relay R2, to-line |0|, energizing thestart relay. At 282 in the tabulating machine cycle a continuouslyrunning cam contact CB2! closes, completing a circuitfrom line |00through said cam contact, normally closed relay points R494 and R609,contacts RZB, now closed, and the pick up coil of relay R556 to linel0|, energizing said relay.'

Contacts R656@ close, completing a circuit through the hold coil ofrelay R056 and continip.-A ously running cam contact C1324. which makesat 250 and breaks at 225.

Contact R656b closes, completing a circuit from line |00 throughcontinuously running cam contact C1327, which closes at 293", toenergize the card feed clutch magnet CFCM. This sets the card feed inoperation at 330, when the clutch engages, and cards begin to feed fromthe hopper. By holding the start key closed for several cycles the cardfeed will advance the iirst card to a point where it will operate cardlever LCL at 220 and close the Contact LCLC, causing cardVy lever relayR223 to be energized through an ob-` vious circuit. Contact RZa beingclosed at this time a hold circuit for relay` R2 is completedv cycles,relay R500, to line |0|. The contacts of1 R500 close and connect thebrushes with `their plus hubs lll- From 305 to 185" each cycle CB39 isclosed and completes a circuit thrQu'gh normally closed R648b, R609b,and relay R538 to line |0|, ener,Y

gizing said relay. R638a closes, preparing a cirV` cuit. to.. becompleted from Aline |00 by. CB55' at- From this time on it is notnecessary to 320?- through normally closed "Rudd, Rld,cardcyclesiplugfhubr5l; plug wire 52, and relayfll'f toiline|0|.energizing` said relay, the points; ofI this relay, ,suchasiRdOIaand b, transfer, pres.

paringadding circuits to the related start mag" netsvofA .accumulatorSoon afterthe beginning of the next cycle the` rst cardg-which, inaccordance with the exam:- ple illustrated in Figs; 2 and 3, is punched`withr account number29inacolumns 1 and 2 (eld 1),

with 21 hoursincolumns 3 and 4 (eld 2),.fand';

with the rate"$ .85 in columns 5, 6 and 7 (field-3) begins. topassthrough the reading brushesy of theflower brush station, with the'9sedge leading; Thev 9-hole incolumn l2 is sensed by a 'brush' 20;completing a'circuit from line |00 through "CBI,

2, A3, .4, camY contacts CF9, I0, which Vare closed from ,149 to 220QVon every cycle in which the card'- feed operates, card lever relaycontact R223b', common brush 2|, contact roll 22, a brush-20,'a.Av

point'of relay R500; plug wire 23, printmagnet-l PM2, to line |0|,energizing said print magnetfat the 9 Vfindexpoint'time .and stoppingthe related type bar in the9 position. At 2 index point time the brushin column l senses a hole and print magnet PMI is energized in the sameway, to stop.`v the related type bar in the 2 position.

At the same time a circuit is completed through:

a holein column 3 and the related brush.` 20, al point of R500; plugwire 24, contact R401 bf in? transferred position,'normal contact R403b,nor-l mal contact R4B5b, start magnet STMI 'of' ac-V cumulatori, tolineV |0|.

chanical-knock-off vdisengages the clutch and stops the wheel, after ithasturnedy two index? positions.

The same-Z-impulse through the brush incol-k;v

umn 3y passes througha branch circuit extending' from the transfer strapof contact R40|b, wire! 30, counter exit hub 3|, plug Wire 32, printmagnet P M3, 'to line I0 I, energizing said print mag-net' and stoppingthe related type bar inthe 2 'pct sition.

Infcolumri 4 the brush impulse at l time causes a 1 to be storedin theunits wheel of accumulator and operates the magnet FM4 lto settherelated type'barin the 1 position.

Meanwhile, the Y'factor storage counters of'xthe' calculator have beenreset to zero position', in4v preparation for? receiving the new factorsto bei transferred from the card feed of the tabulating'" machine. Onecycle point in advance oi vQ-timegi namely,-at 340 CBI |6"closes,completing an obviouscircuit through relay R22 I3A and energizingv` saidrelay. Contacts 22`|3a close, completinga circuit from line |00 throughCB|0B,now closed,

R2213a, 'RPIGBd, and wire 51, to the left gridofr factorstorage counterreset trigger 00,"switching this trigger to the left. A positive impulsefrom the rightl plate of trigger 60 passes through a The start magnetis" energized, causingthe accumulator wheel clutch*4 tol be` engaged.Rotation of the accumulator1 wheel=continues until zero-time, when themee" 9 These pulses are transmitted from line through CBs 94 and 98,wires 10 and 1|, Rl68a, wire 12, to the left grid ofthe read-in pulsetrigger 13. This trigger, which is normally switched to the right, isswitched by the first pulse to the left, transmitting a negative pulseto inverter 14, thereby sending a positive pulse to grid No. 1 of eachof the entry switches 15, 16, 11, 18.

One-half cycle point later in circuit is completed through CBs 81 and90, wires 9| and 92. R|68b, wire 93 to the right grid of the read-inpulse trigger 13. The trigger switches to the right and the positivepulse on its left terminal is inverted by tube 14 and transmitted as anegative voltage to grid No. l of each of the entry switches 15 to 18,terminating the first pulse. The pulses through CBs 81 and 90 restoringthe read-in pulse trigger occur one-half cycle point after each pulsethrough CBs 94 and 91, so that together they have the effect ofswitching the read-in pulse trigger and producing pulses atmid-indexpoint time to the read-in switches.

In the example given the first pulse has no effect, because the entryswitches are cut off by the low potential on the number 2 grids, whichare connected to the right plate terminal of respective entry triggers80, 8|, 82, and 83, which are normally switched to the right.

In column the 8 hole of the first card is read by a circuit whichextends from the brush hub I9 of column 5, through plug wire 84, wires85, 86, and 87, to theleft grid of entry trigger 83. The triggerswitches to the left and the voltage on its right plate terminal rises,turning on the related entry switch V11. Thereafter, the impulsesapplied to grid No. 1 of this entry switch are transmitted as negativeimpulses to counter 61. 8 impulses will be transmitted to the counter inthis way in this sequence. At 5-time a card impulse in column 6 switchesthe related entry trigger and admits 5 impulses through entry switch 11`to counter position 61.

The 8 and 5 card impulses in columns 5 and 6 are also transmittedthrough plug wires 88 and 89 to print magnets PM5 and PMB.

At 2-time the vcard impulse in column 3 is transmitted' from counterexit hub 3|a. through plug wire 92, wires 9,3Y and 94, wire 95, to entrytrigger 8| and two impulses are consequently transmitted to counterposition 66. at 1-time a card impulse switches entry trigger 90 and oneread-in impulse is entered in counter position 65.

At the endl of the read-in portion of the cycle in which the first cardisread, there have been stored in factor storage the amount 21, and infactor storage 2 the amount 85 ($.85).

CB|06 of the tabulator `is identical in its calculator controllingfunctions to P46 of the punch described in the Palmer et al.application, Serial No. 38,078. As explained in said application, theopening of P46 at 13-time of the punch cycle operates a trigger tostartcalculation. In the same way, the opening of CBI 86 at 190,time of thetabulator cycle operates the .multiplyingjcircuits 0 andl theresult ofthe multiplication visstored-in the result counters Similarly, 1

' In accordance with the example, the product of the hours and rateofthe rst card is to remain in the result counter of the calculator andthe product of thehours and rate of the second card is to be added inthatcounter, producing the sum of the two products in the resultcounter'of the calculator.- Assuming that the calculation of the rstproduct was completed within the calculation time of one cycle, as itwould be for this simple problem, the card feed continues in operationand the second card is fed through the lower brush station. From thiscard the account number 29, the hours 19, and the rate $.95 will beprinted in the same way as on the rst card cycle and the hours 19 willbe stored in counter of 'the'tabulaton The hours 19 and rate $.95 willbe transmitted to the factor storage counters and 2 of the calculator,as on the first card cycle, after these counters have been reset byoperation of the reset trigger in the manner described. Duringthecalculation time of the second card cycle the product of 19 times y$:95equals $18.05 will be computed and added into the result counter of .thecalculator, making a total of $35.90.

Meanwhile, early in the second card feed cycle the brush in column' reada 9 hole, signaling a summary punch operation'to follow in the nextcycle and preparing the total program circuits of' the 'tabulatorfv The9 impulse signaling a summary punch cycle passes from the brush incolumn 8v through a contact of relay R500, plug wire I5, common hub 6 ofa digit selector, brush ||1, 9 hub of the digit selector, plug wire ||8,normally closed point H8811, the pick up coil of relay R811 to linefll,energizing said relay. Contact R811a closes, completing a holdingcircuit through C1342 'to line wire |00. Contact R811?) closes,completing'a circuit through CB3| and the pick up'coil of R494. ContactR494a completes a 'circuit for the holding coil of R494 through normallyclosed R88c to line wire |00. The circuit through R49||a extends throughwire ||9, connectorll, wire |20, `and relay RHS, to line |0|,energizingA s'aidrelay. Contact R|16aA closes, preparing'vaY circuitwhich is'completed by CB69 vat 282;to start the punch. This cir-- cuitextends from line |00 in the punch, through punch stop key contact PSP,normally closed contact R|14b, contact Rl16a, connector 16,'contactR494c, normally closed contact R88d, cam contacts CB69,connector I5, andrelay RP3, to line IUI, Aenergizing said relay. Contact RP3a closescompleting a holding circuit for relay'RP3 through cam contact P30,contact RP3b closes, preparing a circuit which is completed through camP3I, closed at latch time of the punch cycle, through fRP3b Yand theVPunch clutch magnet PCL to line: |0I, energizing said magnet andstarting the punch.

' The 9 impulse from column 8 was also transmitted from? the- 9 `hub ofthe digit selector through plug wire |2| to the pick up coil of relayR60| and line |0|, energizing said relay. R60Ia point closes extending aholding circuit through CBS!) to line |00. `R6|||by closes, preparing acircuit which is completed at 225 from CB52 through the piek up coil oi'total relay R609. Contact R609a closes, extending two holding circuitsfrom relay-R609 through CBs 5| andv 32. CB5| Vis shunted by a point ofprogram stop relay R623, which is not energized until the total cycle iscompleted. Relay-R609 will therefore'not drop out until that time.

openv before CBZI :closes 'at 282 .and the-circuit isnot completedv at.this time through R609c to relayR559. Also,'the circuit .toR656 fromCBZI is'broken andthisrelay Adrops out when CB24 opens atv 225 in the.cycle during which the -9 hole summary punch'signarwas read.

rWithR|i56b open the impulser from CB21 does not get through to thecardV feed clutch Amagnet CFCM and the cardfeed latches up at 330.

Withrelays R653 and R656 Fboth ydown 4and contacts R650d and R656dlclosed an impulse from CB26at 293 'picksupidle cycles relay R648. Then.az contact of this relay extends a holding circuit through CB25, tolast through most of the nextcycl'e. R648b Yand R648c open, preventingYrelays R638 and R635 from being energized during the next cycle,:causing the accumulator circuits of the tabulating machine toiremainidle. R648d shunts CB32,.preventin'g relay R609 from being dropped out..

^ The tabulator vcircuits'arenowfprepared to remain idle during thesummary punch cycle and areY set: up vto `start theitotal cycle at `.theend'iof theY summary punch' cycle. Therresult counter of the calculatornow has storedin 'it'the value 3580 -($35`.80). Dueto the operation-ofthe electronic calculator, as describedin the Palmer et al. application,Serial' fNo; 383078, .this value is stored as the y'9s 'complementof'3580, or 6419. Only the 'connections 'from "the hundreds and thousandsorders -(-||'3' and ||`4) of the result counterto'the tabulator Nandvpunch circuits are shown. The connections ofv the units and tens orders`are similar;

vThe total' is readout of 'theresult counter to the punch by feedingimpulses to each of its counter positions andutilizingfthe carryimpulses which occur when each counter` position passes from 9 `to 'zeroto operatefthe punch magnets. The number of pulses ,required to advancea counter position from "its 'digital value to the zero position isequal to the-number stored in the counter position. Since "the cardsinthe-'punch are vfeedingthezdirectionfof 0, '12' 9, and the read outimpulses originating: in the `punch coincide with thefarriva'l ofthesuccessive index point` positions of the' card tatv :the vpunchstation, the output impulse from: each counter pOsition willy cause thecorresponding punch magnet to operate at the right .time to punch 'theindex point position corresponding to the value which was stored in thecounterv position. The manner in which' this occurs will now bedescribed in detail.

. As soon as the punch starts `to run the cam contactV P36 opens,dropping out Arelays R|68 and RI 01. Points ofthe former relaycouplethecam contacts. of the punch to the calculator control circuits, whilepointsV of. they latter connect the punch magnets to the counter .readout circuits of `the calculator.

' AThe read out of the result `counter isy initiated by an .impulse fromcam P46.` of the punch transmitted through a card cycles hub |35, plugWire |36, counter read out hub `|31, Wire |38, R|68j point in normalposition, wires 38a and |39 to the `right grid terminal of counterread-out trigger |40, switching this triggerA to the right. A voltagerise on the leftl kplate terminal of the trigger |40 renders conductivethe Aright half of a tube |4I, the plate terminals of which areconnected together. A `negative output from these terminals istransmitted through an inverter |42 as a voltage rise on the No. 2`grids of roll out vswitches |43, |44, |45' and |46. rendering these "12switches in-conditionto transmit cam impulses from the summary punch.v f

Cam contact PI closes onthelineat successiv index point times. Camcontact P3 closes `just before zero time of fthe punch cycle, so thatthe impulse transmittedv by camv PI- at zerotirne` passes through Wire|41, normal RPflr68b, `wires |48 and |49 to the leftgrid .of readoutpulse trigger. |50. This trigger switches left and the resulting`negative impulse atits left plate ter minal is inverted'by tube |5|1andtransmitted as a positive impulse to the No. 1 grids of the read outswitches |43 to |46. Negative. impulses Aare transmitted from theseswitches to the respective counter positions of the resultcounter,advancing each counter position one unit toward the output condition.Since this counter has stored -in it thernumber 6419, there is animmediate output from thevunits counter position, but sincethe-connections are not shown for this counter position the effect oftheoutput will be `explained with lreference .to the hundreds and thousandsrposition.

yAt .0.5 after zero time-otthe-punch cycle, cam contact P9 closes and animpulse is transmitted' through cam contact P| 3, which closed shortlybefore, through wire |55, RPll68a, Wires 12 and. |51, to the right gridof trigger |50, switchingv thistrigger to the right. The resulting rise4of potentialon the leftplate terminal is inverted by tube |5|V and thenegative output of -this Vtube cuts off the switch tubes |43 `to |46,terminating the cam impulse for zero-time;

Two more impulses are transmitted through read-out trigger |50 totheresult counter positions and on the third impulse the thousands counterposition is moved `from 9=to 0. The resulting output impulse is`.transmitted through intermediate. circuits described in the Palmer etal. application, Serial No. 38,078, as a positive impulse to the grid ofthyratron |59. This coincides with applicationA of +50 volts to theplates ofthe thyratrons through P50, wire |69, RPI68g, and wires l232and 233. Afcircuit is thereby extended through the thyratron |59, wiresY|60 and |6|, plug hub |62, plug wire |63, normal contact Rl01a, to thethousands, order punch magnet PCI and line |0|, energizing said magnetvand causing a hole torbe punched inA the3index point position-ofcolumn'76 of the card check (Fig. 6').

After two more cam impulses transmitted to the result counter positionsthere lis an output from the hundreds order counter, which causesthyratron |58 to loev ignited, completing a circuit to the related punchmagnet, so that a hole is punched inthe 5 index point position of column77. Through the circuits `not shown, columns 3 and 4 are punched in the8 and the zero index point positions.

Returning to the summary punch control circuits, as soon as RP3V wasenergized to initiate a summary punch cycle, a circuit was completedfrom line |00 through P48, Rl16b, R3'c, and relay |14'to line |0|,energizingv said relay. R|14a extends a holding circuit for R|14 throughR|`16b and P48. R|14b opens'to disable the pick up circuit for RP3, sothat the summary punch will not execute more than one cycle.

At 6.2 of the summary punch cycle P2| completes a circuit from line |0|through wire 200, P2|, Wire 20|, and the pick up coil of relay R83to'line |0|, energizing said relay. Contacts R88a extend a holdingcircuit through CB32 to line |00. Contact R881) opens to further disablethe pick up circuit of the summary punch clutch control relay RP3. R83copens to drop out the summary punch control relay R494.

R494c closes and at 282 CB2| closes, completing a circuit through printclutch control relay R659. R659@ closes, extending holding circuit forthis relay through CB24. R659b closes extending a circuit at 293 throughCB91, 12.55927, and magnet. PCM to line energizing said magnet andstarting a total cycle. R659d breaks the pick up circuit of R648, whichdrops out'immediately, allowing R635 to be energized through normalR648e and C1339 at 305. R635a closes, completing a circuit through CB55at 320, R635a, R609b, plug wire |25, and relay R403 to line |0|; alsothrough plug wire |26 and R155 to line IOI', energizing said relays.R403 is a total; relay which prepares total circuits for accumulator I,-while R155 is a plus relay for accumulator 2 and prepares the circuitsto the start magnets of V this accumulator.

Also at 320 CB63 closes extendingr a circuit from line 00 through R609dand R643f, CB63, and program stop relay R633 to line |0|,` energizingsaid relay. Contact`R633a closes, extending a holding circuit throughCB38 to line |00. R633?) opens, preparing the holding circuit of R609 tobe broken when CB| opens at 220 in the following cycle. When P36 made at13.4 at the end of the summary punch cycle relays RI68 and R|01 werepicked up, transferring control of the calculator timing from the punchto the tabulator and opening the circuits to the punch magnets.

The read out of the result counter of the calculator into the punch wasdone without resetting the counter. That is to say, each counterposition received impulses and was restored thereby to its originalcondition. At the endof the summary punch cycle the total remains in theresult counter awaiting read out into the tabulator. This read outnecessarily uses the inversion circuit described in the-aforesaid Palmeret al. application, Serial No. 38,078, in order to reconcile the outputpulse timing from the result counter with the index point timing of thetabulator, which progresses in descending order. This inversion circuitoperates on the following principle:

At 0.5 before 9 index time 9 high speed impulses are added to each orderof the counter. At 9 index time the cam impulse adds one more, making atotal of 10 impulses. If in one counter position the complement of a 9is stored, namely, zero, the counter position will be rolled from zeroto 9 by the 9 high speed impulses and from 9 to zero by the cam impulse.The resulting output impulse occurring at 9 index time of the tabulatorcan be used to accumulate a 9, or to print a 9. v

On the next mid-index point position 8 high speed impulses are given toeach counter position and at 8 index point time a cam impulse raises thetotal to 9. If a counter position had been standing at 1, the 9scomplement of 8, the 9th impulse at 8 index time would cause it tochange from 9 to zero and produce an output impulse for accumulation orprinting control.

At each further mid-index point time 8 high speed impulses are given toeach counter position and the cam impulse at index time makes the ninthpulse. When the cam impulse makes a counter position pass from 9 to 0 anoutput from the related thyratron will occur, but if a counter positionpasses from 9 to 0Lon a high speed impulse there will be no outputV fromthe 14 thyratron, because the anode circuit to the thyratrons is camcontrolled so as to be completed only at index time.

The circuits whereby the total is read out with inversion, in the mannerjust described, are fully disclosed in the same Palmer et al.application, Serial No. 38,078, and will only be briefly outlinedherein. When R|68 was energized a circuit was completed from line |00 inthe tabulator through CBIO, plug hub 2|0, plug wire 2| I,

' counter readout and reset plug hub 2|2, wire 2|3, RPIGSh, wires 2|4and 2|5, to the right grid of counter read out and reset control triggerZIE. This trigger switches to the right, sending a positive impulse tothe left side of double inverter |4| and depressing the voltage on theplate terminal of this inverter. This condition is inverted by tube |42and plus voltage established on the number two grids of read outswitches |43 to |46.

With R|68 energized mid-index pulses are transmitted from line |00 inthel tabulator through CBs 94 and 98, wires 10, 1|, and |10, RPISBJ,wires |1I and |12, to the left grid of high speed impulse trigger |13,switching this trigger to the left and thereby raising the potential ongrid No. 2 of inversion pulse switch |14. A source of pulses |15tranmits positive impulses through Wire |16 to the No. 1 grid of switch|14. Negative impulses from this switch are transmitted through wire |11to the four counter positions to ||4. The same source of pulses |15transmits pulses through inverter |18 to a three-stage binary electroniccounter |19. This counter produces an output impulse' at every 8th inputimpulse, which is transmitted through an inverter to the right grid oftrigger |13. This trigger will accordingly shut oil the switch |14 afterevery 8th impulse. A special delay circuit disclosed in the Palmer etal. application, Serial No. 38,078, but not in the present drawing, addsa ninth impulse to the rst group. The high speed pulses are cut offuntil the next midindex pulse from CB94 turns the trigger |13 on again.

Meanwhile an index pulse is transmitted from line |00 of the tabulatorat 9 index time through CB81 and CB89, through wires |80 and |8|,RP|68e, wires |48 and |49, to the left grid of trigger |50. Thistrigger-switches to the left and its negative impulse is inverted bytube |5| and applied to the number 1 grids of switch tubes |43 to |46.There is no output from any counter position at the 9 index time.

At the next mid-index time trigger |13 is again switched left by animpulse from CB94 and 8 more high speed impulses are transmitted throughswitch |14 to the result counter positions to I4. A ninth impulsetransmitted at 8 index time from CB81 moves counter position |2 from 9to zero. This causes an output impulse which coincides with theapplication of plus 50 volts to the plates of the thyratrons |56 to |59,through CBI wires 230 and 23|, RPIGBg, and wires 232 and 233. A circuitis completed, therefore, through thyratron |51 to the accumulator andprint magnets of the tabulator, but this circuit is not shown in thedrawing. The corresponding circuit of a different order will be tracedpresently. At the third index impulse following from CB81, the counterposition ||3 is moved from 9 to zero and plus voltage is applied to thegrid of the related thyratron |58, igniting the thyratron and-completinga circuit through l wires. 235, 235: and: 231, plug wire 238,transferred 137,550., normal R165! a: and R485c, to start magnet S'IM4.This impulse occurring at the 5 indexV point time of the tabulator cyclecauses a 5 to be added in the hundreds order o f accumulator'2. rIhesame impulseV is transmitted through counter exit hub 239 to printmagnet PMS, setting up the related type bar at the 5 position.

In asimilar manner the start magnet STM 3 and print magnet PM8 areenergized at 3 index point time, causing a 3 to be added inthe thousandsorder of accumulator 2; and to be set up on` the corresponding type bar.

In the same m-achine cycle the amount stored inA accumulator I, namely,40, is read out of this accumulator into the print magnets PM3 and FM4.With total relay` R483 energized an impulse is, transmitted from CB14vat 348 of the cycle precedingv the total read out cycle, throughtransferred R403a and R483b and normal R485a and R485b to. startmagnetsy STMI and STM2, setting the accumulator Wheels in rotation. Attindex point time the counter wheel of the tens order of accumulator lmoves the 9, l0 brush 35. into engagement with the contact 34 and animpulse occurring at that time from. CBID is transmitted through wire33, contacts 34 and 35, transferred R403d, counter exit hub 3l, plugwire 3. and printmagnet PM3 to line lill, energizing. the print magnetand setting up a 4 on the type bar.

The type bar pertaining to FM4 is arrested at zero positionin the mannerconventional in this type of tabulating machine.

In the total cycleA just described 40 is printed inthe hours neld of thereport and 3580 ($35.80) is printed-in the-earnings field of the report.

The calculator was set in operationfor a read o ut and reset cycle. The`re-setting is accomplis-hed as follows:

'Ihe positive impulse from read-out andy reset control. trigger 215which turned on the readoutswitches l43to |45, was alsotransmitted as a.negative impulse by inverter 2Hl to the right grid of counter resettrigger 218. 2,18, was switched ony and thenegative condition at itsleft plate terminal ylowered the voltageon the right half of doubleinverter 219. However., theleft half of this inverter was maintained inaconductive conditionthroughthe counter readout period, under anelectronic control` derived from CBIGE. These circuits are shown in theaforesaid -Palmer et al. application, Serial No. 38,078, but not in thepresent drawing, Immediately after CBHHSA opens and starts calculation,a negative impulse derived fromV the electronic timer circuit is appliedto the left grid of double inverter 2i9, causing apositive impulse to betransmitted from its plate terminals through Wire 220 and condenser 22!to the cancel bias line of the counter circuits III to H4. This positiveimpulse resets all of the counter circuits III to H4 to the 9 position,which is the complemental zero condition.

At 220 of the total cycle relay R609 was dropped out, as previouslyexplained. As a result, Contact RBEBc transfers to normal position andan impulse from CBZI at 282 again energizes the card feed control relayR556. The next cycle is a card feed cycle in which the rst card of"account number 28 is read in the same manner as previously explained.

The invention has been described by reference to a preferredr embodimentand illustrated by? a particular problem. In this embodiment The triggerthe tabulating machine may be thought of as a main master machine andthe summary punchv as an auxiliary master machine, since the tabulatorprograms the operation of all of the machines, while the punch controlsthe switch'- ing of the timing means in response to a signal from thetabulator. Other arrangements of the switching control may besubstituted for the illustrative one shown.

The inherent flexibility of the individual units, offers wideopportunity for variation of the combined operation of the machines. Forexample, the calculator can be made to perform division andcross-footing operations under the same type of' controls as thoseillustrated in the drawing. Also, the tabulating machine as disclosed isinherently capable of varying the operation by reading out of its ownaccumulatorsv to the calculator, as well as from the card brushes, andthis can be accomplished under control of card impulsesthroughselectors, as is well understoodfby those skilled in theY art.

What is claimed is:

1. In record controlled apparatus, a slave machine, two master machines,each having individual driving means, each master machine includingtiming control means for said slave machine, means to transfer databetween said slave machine and either of said master machines, recordreading means in one ofA said master machines, and means controlled byrecords read by said record reading means for selectively coupling thedata transfer means and timing control means of one of saidmastermachines, orv the data transfer means and timing control meansof theother one of said master machines, to said slave machine.

2. In apparatus of the class described, a machineV for performingcalculations includingmultiplication, means to store results of said;calculations, and means to read out the results from said storage means;a recording machine including driving means, record reading means, meansto time the operation of said read out means, and recordingcontrol meansadapted-to respond to the read out of said storage means,

a second recordingv machine including drivingv means, means to time theoperation ofv said read' out means, andrecording control means adaptedto respond to the readout of said storage means, and means controlled byrecords read by said reading means for selectively coupling either thelrecordingcontrol means and timing control means of said first recordingmachine, or the recording control means andk timing control means ofsaid second recording machine, to said calculating machine.

3. In apparatus of the class described, an elec'- trical calculatingmachine for performing calculations including multiplication, tworecordingmachines each including electrical timing control means forsaid calculating machine and recording control means, one of saidrecording machines including recordreading means, timing input meansconnected to said calculating machine, means controlled by records atsaid record reading means'for selectively causing an operation of one ofthe other of said recording machines under control of said calculatingmachine, and means to switch said input means toY cording machineincluding record reading means, a second recording machine, each of saidrecording machines including an individual driving means, duplicatedelectrical timing control means for said calculating machine in each ofsaid recording machines, connections for coupling said electrical timingmeans tc said calculating machine, including means to switch the timingcontrol means of either of said recording machines to said calculatingmachine alternatively, and means controlled by records read by saidrecord reading means for controlling said switching means.

5. In apparatus of the class described, a cylically operating tabulatingmachine including record reading means, accumulating means, printingmeans, means to control said accumulating means from said record readingmeans, and means to control said printing means from said record readingmeans or said accumulating means; a cyclically operating punch includingmeans to feed records, means to punch a plurality of columns of therecords in one machine cycle, and means to control said punching means;a calculating machine including means to store factors for calculation,means for performing calculations with said factors includingmultiplication thereof, and means to store the results of saidcalculations; means for transmitting factors from said record readingmeans to said factor storage means, means for transmitting results fromsaid result storage means to the control means of said punching means,means for transmitting results from said result storage means to thecontrol means of said accumulating means and to the control means ofsaid printing means, said transmitting means including timing means insaid tabulating machine and timing means in said punch and switchingmeans controlled by records in said record reading means for renderingthe timing means in said tabulating 18 machine and the timing means insaid punch alternatively effective.

6. In record controlled apparatus of the class described, a slavemachine, two master machines each having independent non-synchronizeddriving means, timing control means for said slave machine in each ofsaid master machines, record reading means in one of said mastermachines, and means controlled by records in said record reading meansfor switching the timing control of said slave machine from one of saidmaster machines to the other.

7. In record controlled apparatus of the class described a slavemachine, a main master machine, an auxiliary master machine, timingcontrol means for said slave machine in each of said master machines,means normally latching said auxiliary master machine in an idlecondition, record reading means in said main master machine, meansresponsive to a signal in a record read by said reading means forstarting an operation of said auxiliary master machine, means connectingthe timing means of said main master machine to said slave machine whensaid auxiliary master machine when in operation to disconnect the timingmeans of said main master machine from said slave machine and to connectthe timing means of said auxiliary master machine to said slave machine.

JONAS E. DAYGER. ORVILLE B. SHAFER. ALVIN E. GRAY.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file ofthis patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 2,062,118 Bryce et al Nov. 24,1936 2,434,500 Leathers et al Jan. 13, 1948 Certificate of CorrectionPatent No. 2,573,312 October 30, 1951 JONAS E. DAYGER ET AL.

It is hereby certified that error appears in the printed specificationof the above numbered patent requiring correction as follows:

Column 16, line 68, for one of read one or; column 18, line 25, aftermachine insertl z's idle, and means controlled by said auxiliary mastermachine; and that the said Letters Patent should be read as correctedabove, so that;

the same may conform to the record of the case in the Patent Office.

Signed and sealed this 5th day of February, A. D'. 1952.

THOMAS F. MURPHY,

